Apache Cassandra
Apache Cassandra is a highly-scalable partitioned row store. Rows are organized into tables with a required primary key.
http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/Partitioners[Partitioning] means that Cassandra can distribute your data across multiple machines in an application-transparent matter. Cassandra will automatically repartition as machines are added and removed from the cluster.
http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/DataModel[Row store] means that like relational databases, Cassandra organizes data by rows and columns. The Cassandra Query Language (CQL) is a close relative of SQL.
For more information, see http://cassandra.apache.org/[the Apache Cassandra web site].
Requirements
. Java >= 1.8 (OpenJDK and Oracle JVMS have been tested)
. Python 2.7 (for cqlsh)
Getting started
This short guide will walk you through getting a basic one node cluster up
and running, and demonstrate some simple reads and writes. For a more-complete guide, please see the Apache Cassandra website's http://cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest/getting_started/[Getting Started Guide].
First, we'll unpack our archive:
$ tar -zxvf apache-cassandra-$VERSION.tar.gz
$ cd apache-cassandra-$VERSION
After that we start the server. Running the startup script with the -f argument will cause
Cassandra to remain in the foreground and log to standard out; it can be stopped with ctrl-C.
$ bin/cassandra -f
Note for Windows users: to install Cassandra as a service, download
http://commons.apache.org/daemon/procrun.html[Procrun], set the
PRUNSRV environment variable to the full path of prunsrv (e.g.,
C:\procrun\prunsrv.exe), and run "bin\cassandra.bat install".
Similarly, "uninstall" will remove the service.
Now let's try to read and write some data using the Cassandra Query Language:
$ bin/cqlsh
The command line client is interactive so if everything worked you should
be sitting in front of a prompt:
Connected to Test Cluster at localhost:9160.
[cqlsh 2.2.0, Cassandra 1.2.0, CQL spec 3.0.0, Thrift protocol 19.35.0]
Use HELP for help.
cqlsh>
As the banner says, you can use 'help;' or '?' to see what CQL has to
offer, and 'quit;' or 'exit;' when you've had enough fun. But lets try
something slightly more interesting:
cqlsh> CREATE SCHEMA schema1
WITH replication = { 'class' : 'SimpleStrategy', 'replication_factor' : 1 };
cqlsh> USE schema1;
cqlsh:Schema1> CREATE TABLE users (
user_id varchar PRIMARY KEY,
first varchar,
last varchar,
age int
);
cqlsh:Schema1> INSERT INTO users (user_id, first, last, age)
VALUES ('jsmith', 'John', 'Smith', 42);
cqlsh:Schema1> SELECT * FROM users;
user_id, age, first, last
---------+-----+-------+-------
jsmith, 42, john, smith
cqlsh:Schema1>
If your session looks similar to what's above, congrats, your single node
cluster is operational!
For more on what commands are supported by CQL, see
http://cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest/cql/[the CQL reference]. A
reasonable way to think of it is as, "SQL minus joins and subqueries, plus collections."
Wondering where to go from here?
- Join us in #cassandra on irc.freenode.net and ask questions
- Subscribe to the Users mailing list by sending a mail to
user-subscribe@cassandra.apache.org - Visit the http://cassandra.apache.org/community/[community section] of the Cassandra website for more information on getting involved.
- Visit the http://cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest/development/index.html[development section] of the Cassandra website for more information on how to contribute.