VS Code Remote / GitHub Codespaces Container Definitions

A development container is a running Docker container with a well-defined tool/runtime stack and its prerequisites. The VS Code Remote - Containers extension allows you to clone a repository or open any folder mounted into (or already inside) a dev container and take advantage of VS Code's full development feature set. GitHub Codespaces both use this same concept to quickly create customized, cloud-based development environments accessible from VS Code or the web.

This repository contains a set of dev container definitions to help get you up and running with a containerized environment. The definitions describe the appropriate container image, runtime arguments for starting the container, and VS Code extensions that should be installed. Each provides a container configuration file (devcontainer.json) and other needed files that you can drop into any existing folder as a starting point for containerizing your project.

Note: While many of these definitions are also expected to work in GitHub Codespaces, a few are not yet working. See here for a list of known issues.

The vscode-remote-try-* repositories may also be of interest if you are looking for complete sample projects.

Adding a definition to a local project

To add a dev container definition in your project, you can either:

Manually add it to your project folder:

1. Clone this repository.
2. Copy the contents of the .devcontainer folder from of one of the definitions in the containers folder to your project folder.
3. See the definition's README for configuration details and options.
4. Open the folder locally with the Remote - Containers extension or commit the file to source control to use it with Codespaces.

... or ...

Add it using VS Code Remote - Containers:

1. Set up your machine and then start VS Code and open your project folder.
2. Press F1, select the Remote-Containers: Add Development Container Configuration Files... command, and pick one of definitions from the list. (You may need to choose the From a predefined container configuration definition... option if your project has an existing Dockerfile or Docker Compose file.)
3. See the definition's README for configuration options. A link is available in the .devcontainer/devcontainer.json file added to your folder.
4. Run Remote-Containers: Reopen in Container to use it locally, or commit the file to source control to use it with Codespaces.

Adding a definition to a repository

You can share a customized dev container definition for your project by adding the files under .devcontainer to source control.

Anyone who then opens a local copy of your repo in VS Code will be prompted to reopen the folder in a container, provided they have the Remote - Containers extension installed.

Additionally, if you reference your Git repository when creating a codespace GitHub Codespaces, the container definition will be used.

Your team now has a consistent environment and tool-chain and new contributors or team members can be productive quickly. First-time contributors will require less guidance and there will be fewer issues related to environment setup.

Sample projects

If you want to try a sample project which already has a dev container, check out one of the following repositories:

• Node Sample
• Python Sample
• Go Sample
• Java Sample
• .NET Core Sample
• Rust Sample
• C++ Sample
• PHP Sample

Contents

• containers - Contains reusable dev container definitions.
• script-library - Includes scripts used in this repository to install things. Also useful in your own Dockerfiles.
• repository-containers - Dev container definitions for working public source code repositories.
• container-templates - Contains templates for creating your own container definitions or to contribute back.

Common Questions

Can I just reuse an existing container image or Docker / Docker Compose configuration?

Yes, if you want to use an existing Dockerfile as a starting point, use the Remote - Containers extension, open a folder, and then run Remote-Containers: Add Development Container Configuration Files... from the Command Palette (F1). You'll be prompted to select a Dockerfile or Docker Compose file and customize from there. If you then commit these files to a Git repository, you can use it with GitHub Codespaces as well. If you prefer, you can also start up the container manually and attach to it.

What is the goal of devcontainer.json?

A devcontainer.json file is similar to launch.json for debugging, but designed to launch (or attach to) a development container instead. At its simplest, all you need is a .devcontainer/devcontainer.json file in your project that references an image, Dockerfile, or docker-compose.yml, and a few properties. You can adapt it for use in a wide variety of situations.

Why do Dockerfiles in this repo use RUN statements with commands separated by &&?

Each RUN statement creates a Docker image "layer". If one RUN statement adds temporary contents, these contents remain in this layer in the image even if they are deleted in a subsequent RUN. This means the image takes more storage locally and results in slower image download times if you publish the image to a registry. You can resolve this problem by using a RUN statement that includes any clean up steps (separated by &&) after a given operation. See CONTRIBUTING.md for more tips.

Contributing and feedback

Have a question or feedback?

• Contribute or provide feedback for the VS Code Remote extensions or GitHub Codespaces.
• Search existing issues with dev container definitions or report a problem.
• Contribute a development container definition to the repository.

This project has adopted the Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct.
For more information see the Code of Conduct FAQ or
contact opencode@microsoft.com with any additional questions or comments.

License

Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE.

For images generated from this repository, see LICENSE and NOTICE.txt.